Describe the history of the U.S. justice system, and the principles it was founded upon. What changes do you see in today’s approach to crime and justice?
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Many aspects of the United States criminal justice system originated in England
An Act to Establish the Judicial Courts of the United States,” was signed into law by the first President of the United States George Washington on September 24, 1789.
Article III of the Constitution established a Supreme Court and left the Congress with the authority to create lower federal courts as needed. The Judiciary Act of 1789 established the structure and jurisdiction of the federal court system and created the position of attorney general.
In the 1930s The volume entitled Lawlessness in Law Enforcement shocked the nation. This volume constituted an indictment of the POLICE MISCONDUCT the commission had found throughout the country. The report described the widespread use of the “third degree”—the willful infliction of pain and suffering on criminal suspects—and other types of police brutality. In addition, it revealed corruption in many cities’ criminal justice systems and documented instances of bribery, entrapment, coercion of witnesses, fabrication of evidence, and illegal wiretapping
Read more: Wickersham Commission – Police, Crime, Prohibition, and Criminal – JRank Articles https://law.jrank.org/pages/11309/Wickersham-Commission.html#ixzz7ALxu6SW8
Criminal justice evolved dramatically during the Hoover administration when President Herbert Hoover established the National Commission on Law Observance and Enforcement, chaired by U.S. Attorney General George Wickersham. Known as the Wickersham Commission, the coalition studied the criminal justice system’s current state, from policing tactics, prison conditions, and the root causes of crime. The final report documented rampant corruption among police officers, dangerous prison conditions, and hostile police tacts. Indeed, the Wickersham Report criticized the police for their “general failure… to detect and arrest criminals guilty of the many murders, spectacular bank, payroll, and other holdups and sensational robberies with guns.” In turn, the Commission led to dramatic reform in the criminal justice system.
What changes do you see in today’s approach to crime and justice?
It was a former belief that Law Enforcement is effective if many criminals were caught but in the modern practice it is believed that Law Enforcement is effective if Crime prevention is implemented with lesser crime rates.
In California Gov. Newsom approves sweeping reforms to Law Enforcement or to Police Officers. The changes include raising the minimum age for officers to 21 and allowing badges to be taken away for excessive force, dishonesty and racial bias.
Standard Strategies for Reducing Police Corruption
These recommendations involve reforms to police culture, management, recruitment and training, disciplinary processes, and external environment.